1

Lockdown restrictions lifted① in England step by step

英格蘭逐步解封

UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson has announced a gradual roadmap② for reopening that will see COVID-19 lockdown restrictions eased③ over four steps spread across at least four months. The first step, which began on Mar. 8, focused on getting schools open again. England entered a third national lockdown in January 2021 in the face of rising coronavirus cases. Three-quarters of England were under Tier④ 4 measures prior to the lockdown. Tier 4 restrictions were first introduced in London and parts of the South East on Dec. 20, and extended across other parts of England later, to combat a more contagious⑤ strain⑥ of coronavirus. (The Telegraph)

英國(guó)首相鮑里斯·約翰遜公布了逐步放開封鎖的計(jì)劃，在至少四個(gè)月內(nèi)分四步放寬疫情封鎖限制。3月8日起重新開放學(xué)校，這是第一步。今年1月，面對(duì)不斷上升的新冠肺炎病例數(shù)，英格蘭開始了第三次全境封鎖。在封鎖前，四分之三的英格蘭地區(qū)處于四級(jí)封鎖狀態(tài)。為了限制一種傳染性更強(qiáng)的新冠毒株傳播，去年12月20日，倫敦和英格蘭東南部分地區(qū)首次實(shí)施四級(jí)封鎖，隨后四級(jí)封鎖擴(kuò)大到英格蘭其他地區(qū)。

【注釋】

① lift: [l?ft] vt. to remove or end (controls or limits) 解除

② roadmap: [?r??dm?p] n. a plan for the future, usually with a particular (political) goal（尤指帶有政治目的的）進(jìn)程計(jì)劃

③ ease: [i?z] vt. to moderate or reduce esp. in amount, intensity, or rate of performance 放寬，放松，減輕，減少

④ tier: [t??(r)] n. one of several levels in an organization or a system 階層；等級(jí)

⑤ contagious: [k?n?te?d??s] adj. transmissible by close contact with an infected person 接觸傳染的

⑥ strain:[stre?n] n. a particular type of microbes（微生物的）株，系；品種；類型

2

Japan to keep foreign spectators① away from the Tokyo Olympics

日本將拒絕外國(guó)觀眾現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀看東京奧運(yùn)會(huì)

Japan has decided to stage this summer’s Tokyo Olympics and Paralympics without overseas spectators. The Olympics, postponed by a year because of the pandemic, are scheduled for Jul. 23 to Aug. 8. The opening ceremony of the torch② relay on March 25 would also take place without spectators. The government has concluded that welcoming fans from abroad would not be possible given public concern about the coronavirus and the detection of more contagious variants③ in many countries. While coronavirus infection numbers have been relatively low in Japan compared with the United States and many European countries, the country has been hit hard by the third wave of the pandemic and Tokyo remains under a state of emergency. (Reuters)

日本決定在沒(méi)有海外觀眾的情況下舉辦今年夏季的東京奧運(yùn)會(huì)和殘奧會(huì)。受疫情影響，東京奧運(yùn)會(huì)被推遲一年，將于今年7月23日至8月8日舉行。3月25日的火炬?zhèn)鬟f出發(fā)儀式也將以無(wú)觀眾的形式舉行。日本政府認(rèn)為，考慮到公眾對(duì)疫情的擔(dān)憂，再加上許多國(guó)家出現(xiàn)了傳染性更強(qiáng)的病毒變種，東京奧運(yùn)會(huì)不可能接待海外體育迷。盡管與美國(guó)和歐洲許多國(guó)家相比，日本的新冠病毒感染人數(shù)相對(duì)較少，但日本受到了第三波疫情的嚴(yán)重打擊，東京目前仍處于緊急狀態(tài)。

【注釋】

① spectator: [spek?te?t?(r)] n. a person who is watching an event, esp. a sports event（尤指體育活動(dòng)的）觀眾之一

② torch: [t??t?] n. a long stick that has material at one end that is set on fire and that people carry to give light 火炬，火把

③ variant: [?ve?ri?nt] n. a thing that is a slightly different form or type of sth. else 變種；變體

3

A Brazil justice annulled① ex-president Lula’s sentences

一名巴西大法官裁定前總統(tǒng)盧拉所獲判決無(wú)效

A justice from Brazil’s top court last Monday annulled all sentences against former President Lula, which for now restores his political rights and would potentially allow him to run again for the presidency next year. The decision also laid bare② the country’s political divisions, with leftists celebrating their 75-year-old leader’s return to the political arena③ as conservatives said the rulings were tantamount④ to impunity⑤. The decision drew no conclusions about the mammoth⑥ “Car Wash” investigation centered on state-run giant Petrobras, from which the Lula probes emerged. It said, instead, that the federal court in Curitiba, which sentenced Lula twice for corruption and money laundering, didn’t have jurisdiction⑦ to put the leftist leader on trial. The cases, which prevented him from running in the 2018 vote against Jair Bolsonaro, will be sent to the federal court of Brazil’s Federal District, where they can begin anew. If Lula runs for president next year, it could be difficult for a centrist candidate to emerge and would likely push Bolsonaro to implement more populist policies in the hopes of solidifying his base. (AP and CNN)

3月8日，巴西最高法院的一名法官裁定前總統(tǒng)盧拉所獲的所有判決無(wú)效。此舉令盧拉暫時(shí)恢復(fù)了政治權(quán)利，他明年有可能得以再度競(jìng)選總統(tǒng)。該裁定還暴露了巴西的政治分裂：左派人士慶祝他們75歲的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人重返政壇；保守派則認(rèn)為如斯做法無(wú)異于有罪不罰。針對(duì)盧拉的調(diào)查始于“洗車”案。針對(duì)“洗車”案展開了大量調(diào)查，而該案的核心是國(guó)營(yíng)巨頭巴西石油公司。此次最高法院法官的裁決沒(méi)有對(duì)“洗車”案調(diào)查給出任何結(jié)論，而是指出，庫(kù)里蒂巴的聯(lián)邦法院沒(méi)有審判這位左派領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的司法管轄權(quán)。該法院曾兩次判處盧拉貪腐和洗錢的罪名成立。這些案件曾阻止盧拉與雅伊爾·博索納羅角逐2018年的總統(tǒng)競(jìng)選，現(xiàn)在將移交聯(lián)邦區(qū)的聯(lián)邦法院重審。如果盧拉明年參選總統(tǒng)，則可能很難出現(xiàn)中間派總統(tǒng)候選人，這也很可能迫使博爾索納羅推行更多民粹主義政策，以期鞏固競(jìng)選基礎(chǔ)。

【注釋】

① annul: [??n?l] vt. to state officially that (sth.) is not legally recognized 宣告……在法律上無(wú)效

② lay bare: to show (sth. that was covered) or to make known (sth. that was secret) 使暴露，揭露

③ arena: [??ri?n?] n. an area of activity that interests the public, esp. one where there is a lot of opposition between different groups or countries 活動(dòng)領(lǐng)域

④ tantamount: [?t?nt?ma?nt] adj. having the same bad effect as sth. else 無(wú)異于

⑤ impunity: [?m?pju?n?ti] n. the fact of not getting punished for sth. 不受懲罰

⑥ mammoth: [?m?m?θ] adj. extremely large 極大

⑦ jurisdiction: [?d???r?s?d?k?n] n. the authority that an official organization has to make legal decisions about sb./sth. 司法管轄權(quán)

4

US Congress adopts a $1.9 trillion stimulus

美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)通過(guò)1.9萬(wàn)億美元經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激計(jì)劃

US Congress gave final approval last Wednesday to President Biden’s sweeping, nearly $1.9 trillion stimulus① package. By a vote of 220 to 211, the House sent the measure②to Mr. Biden for his signature, cementing③ one of the largest injections of federal aid since the Great Depression④. It would provide another round of direct payments for Americans, an extension⑤ of federal jobless benefits and billions of dollars to distribute coronavirus vaccines and provide relief⑥ for schools, states, tribal governments and small businesses struggling during the pandemic. The bill, dubbed⑦ the American Rescue Plan, will add about 1 percentage point to global economic growth in 2021, the OECD forecasted. (The New York Times and The Financial Times)

3月10日，美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)通過(guò)最后一道程序，批準(zhǔn)了拜登總統(tǒng)的一項(xiàng)全面刺激經(jīng)濟(jì)的計(jì)劃，規(guī)模近1.9萬(wàn)億美元。眾議院以220票贊成、211票反對(duì)，通過(guò)了法案，將之移交拜登簽署，此舉保障了“大蕭條”以來(lái)最大規(guī)模的一次聯(lián)邦補(bǔ)助。該計(jì)劃包括直接向美國(guó)人再發(fā)放一輪補(bǔ)助金，延長(zhǎng)聯(lián)邦失業(yè)補(bǔ)貼的發(fā)放時(shí)間，并撥款數(shù)10億美元用于發(fā)放新冠疫苗。此外，還要為疫情中掙扎的學(xué)校、州、部落政府和小企業(yè)提供救濟(jì)。經(jīng)合組織預(yù)測(cè)，這項(xiàng)名為“美國(guó)救助計(jì)劃”的法案將為2021年的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)貢獻(xiàn)約1個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。

【注釋】

① stimulus: [?st?mj?l?s] n. an attempt by governments or government agencies to financially kickstart growth during a difficult economic period（經(jīng)濟(jì)）刺激

② measure: [?me??(r)] n. a proposed legislative act 法案

③ cement: [s??ment] vt. to make (a relationship, an agreement, etc.) stronger 鞏固

④ the Great Depression: a severe worldwide economic depression that took place mostly during the 1930s, beginning in the United States 大蕭條

⑤ extension: [?k?sten?n] n. an increase in length of time 放寬的限期；展限

⑥ relief: [r??li?f] n. food, money, medicine, etc. that is given to help people in places where there has been a war or natural disaster 救援物資

⑦ dub: [d?b] vt. to give (sb./sth.) a particular name 把……稱為，給……起名

5

Top US and China diplomats to hold in-person① meeting in Alaska

中美高級(jí)外交官將在阿拉斯加會(huì)面

US Secretary of State Antony Blinken and National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan will meet with Yang Jiechi, a member of China’s ruling Politburo, and Wang Yi, China’s foreign minister, on March 18 in Alaska. The meeting would represent the highest-level in-person exchange between the two sides since US President Joe Biden took office② in January. The meeting will take place after Blinken visit Japan and South Korea this week as part of Biden’s efforts to emphasize the importance he puts on alliances③ around the world. (Bloomberg and Reuters)

美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)卿安東尼·布林肯和國(guó)家安全顧問(wèn)杰克·沙利文將于3月18日在阿拉斯加與中共中央政治局委員楊潔篪和外交部長(zhǎng)王毅會(huì)晤。此次會(huì)晤將是自美國(guó)總統(tǒng)喬·拜登1月上任以來(lái)雙方最高級(jí)別的會(huì)面。會(huì)晤之前，布林肯將于本周訪問(wèn)日本和韓國(guó)，這是拜登為強(qiáng)調(diào)重視世界各地盟友而作出的部分努力。

【注釋】

① in person: in one’s bodily presence 當(dāng)面

② take office: to begin the job or responsibility of one in a position of authority esp. in the government 就任

③ alliance: [??la??ns] n. a group of people, political parties, etc. who work together in order to achieve sth. that they all want 盟友，同盟

復(fù)旦大學(xué)江默柔編譯兼朗讀

重光會(huì)王暖流審訂兼朗讀

復(fù)旦大學(xué)章逍然審訂